the interpreter is a professional who can exert the interpretation of connection what is called. being within a restricted framework, this form of interpretation is found at the time of a simple connection between two groups of people who speak two different languages. the interpreter can also specialize in the interpretation of conference. this time, its task consists in communicating the messages, diffusing a whole of information which can touch fields varied at the time of the conferences, international congresses or seminars. in addition, a little particular trade of social interpreter reconciles the talents of interpreter and mediator. here, the professional plays the part of intermediary in difficult situations that for example the refugees or request asylums meet.
from a purely technical point of view, one distinguishes consecutive interpretation from simultaneous interpretation. the first grants the interpreter an assimilation and listening time during a part of speech of the lecturer before the restitution of information. on the other hand, the second applies in a simultaneous way as the speaker expresses himself. this one thus requires a very pointed level of concentration because the interpreter must show an attentive listening while reproducing quasi instantaneously the message in another language. used primarily at the time of the conferences, this technique requires the intervention of a minimum of two interpreters who are generally commutated every half-hour. moreover, simultaneous interpretation takes place in cabin by the use of a device of transmitter-receivers especially conceived for this purpose. however, whenever the conditions allow it, it can take place by whispering.
training in interpretation
interpretation and the translation are the only trades related to the knowledge of languages. if they require three years a common course in name “graduate of transition in translation and interpretation”, the training in interpretation is complete only if the candidate adds to it two years of master option interpretation. in addition, it should be known that the translation is specialized in the written restitution whereas the trade of interpreter is centered on the oral restitution. teaching on the matter is exempted by some high national schools. at the end of this formation, the student can exert the trade of interpreter either as independent (freelance), or as an employee of a large company or an international organization.
to become interpreter, a graduate must be registered while choosing two foreign languages in addition to French whose control must be perfect. as an international language, English knowledge will have to be consolidated as much in the style and syntax that in grammar and the anglophone culture. it will be the same for all the studied languages. parallel to this linguistic formation, the candidate goes, throughout his university course, to pack even more his general culture. moreover, it will have to be familiarized in several fields such as economics, sciences, the right, technology, politics or any other specific subject and this through two languages minimum. moreover, the academic formation touches various fields such as the psychology of the languages, the history and sociology relating to the populations using the languages chosen, in order to make it possible the student to quickly adapt to the future professional contexts which await it.
insofar as the part which the interpreter plays is of an major importance in the exchanges and the international relations, a capacity of comprehension and a style of expression clear and precise are obligatory. through the frequent voyages that it must carry out, it must be able to manage the stress and to show a great facility of adaptation to the various cultures. the trade of interpreter is a demanding trade. the future interpreter must become aware of the stake of his work and the impact which it has on the performances of his company.
